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Converting agricultural land — the law in every state

कृषि भूमि का रूपांतरण — हर राज्य का क़ानून, धारा और कौन तय करता है

In most states, owning farmland does not by itself let you build a shop, warehouse or factory on it — and often not a house either, beyond limited exemptions. The land use has to be changed first, and that is a separate legal step from buying the land. Each state does it under its own law, with its own name for it — section 90-A conversion in Rajasthan, NA permission in Gujarat and Maharashtra, a section 80 declaration in Uttar Pradesh, CLU in Haryana. This page sets out, state by state, the law and section, who decides, the exemptions and restrictions we found, and the latest change — each with its sources and date.

Not legal advice, and no fees or timelines. This describes the shape of the law as we found it. Conversion can be refused, and a refusal leaves you holding agricultural land you meant to build on. Check the zoning and the conversion route before you pay, with the revenue office and a licensed advocate. यह क़ानूनी सलाह नहीं है। ख़रीद से पहले राजस्व कार्यालय और वकील से पुष्टि करें।

Rajasthan

राजस्थान State Partly confirmed State guide ›

Conversion under section 90-A

Law
Rajasthan Land Revenue Act, 1956
Section
90-A
Rules
Rural areas: Rajasthan Land Revenue (Conversion of Agricultural Land for Non-Agricultural Purposes in Rural Areas) Rules, 2007
Urban areas: Rajasthan Urban Areas (Permission for Use of Agriculture Land for Non-agricultural Purposes and Allotment) Rules, 2012
Who decides
Rural areas: the Tehsildar, Sub-Divisional Officer, Collector or State Government, depending on the purpose and the area of land (Rule 9 of the 2007 Rules). Urban areas: the local authority — a development authority, an Urban Improvement Trust or a municipal body (2012 Rules).
Exemptions and deemed permissions
The 2007 Rules list uses for which no conversion permission is needed on a khatedar's own land within an area limit — for example specified small industrial, institutional, medical or public-utility uses (Rule 6) — and solar or wind plants, after informing the Tehsildar and the Rajasthan Renewable Energy Corporation (Rule 6B). Check the current consolidated Rules for the limits.
Restrictions to know
  • Section 42 of the Rajasthan Tenancy Act, 1955 restricts sale, gift or bequest of land by a member of a Scheduled Caste to a person who is not one (Supreme Court, Bhadar Ram v. Jassa Ram, 2022).
  • Land in the catchment of a tank, village pond, river, nala or lake cannot be converted (2007 Rules, Rule 4(d)).
  • Conversion is restricted within set distances of petroleum installations, defence depots and pipelines (Rule 4(e)–(k)), and for industry within a set radius of a village abadi (Rule 4(c)).
Latest change we found
Rajasthan Land Revenue (Amendment and Validation) Act, 2025 inserted section 100-A: land transferred to RIICO vests in it, and RIICO controls layouts, sub-division, change of land use and disposal in its industrial areas. 3 October 2025
Assent date from a secondary source.
Apply or look up online
In our verification directory: UDH Online Services (90-A in DA/UIT areas)
https://udh.rajasthan.gov.in/content/raj/udh/udh-department/en/udh-online-services.html In our verification directory: LSG 90-A dashboard (municipal areas)
https://lsgonline.rajasthan.gov.in/brap.aspx?app=90A In our verification directory: Rajasthan SSO (application gateway)
https://sso.rajasthan.gov.in/signin In our verification directory: Revenue Department - Notifications
https://landrevenue.rajasthan.gov.in/content/landrevenuenew/en/rajasthan-revenue-department/documents/notification.html

Proposals reported in June 2026 to streamline section 90-A, and to drop conversion in planned areas where the use matches the master plan, were awaiting approval and are not law (secondary source). This check (1 Oct 2026) did not confirm an application page; our verification directory lists the one(s) below — open them before relying on them. The Rule 4 restrictions above come from a rules database of unknown version date; check the current consolidated Rules. Our explainer of the 2007 rural Rules ›

Sources we read (12) · up to 30 June 2026
  • https://www.legitquest.com/act/rajasthan-land-revenue-conversion-of-agricultural-land-for-non-agricultural-purposes-in-rural-areas-rules-2007/A4D5
  • https://cag.gov.in/uploads/download_audit_report/2025/7-Chapter-III-068b80b83badb24.36899497.pdf
  • https://www.legitquest.com/act/rajasthan-urban-areas-permission-for-use-of-agriculture-land-for-non-agricultural-purposes-and-allotment-second-amendment-rules-2021/E732
  • https://prsindia.org/files/bills_acts/bills_states/rajasthan/2022/Bill%20No.%2011%20of%202022%20Rajasthan.pdf
  • https://prsindia.org/files/bills_acts/bills_states/rajasthan/2025/Bill7of2025RJ.pdf
  • https://www.drishtiias.com/statepcs/11-10-2025/rajasthan
  • https://www.scconline.com/blog/?p=260330
  • https://www.nobroker.in/news/rajasthan/rajasthan-simplifies-land-conversion-aims-for-boosting-businesses/
  • https://indiaenvironmentportal.org.in/news-clippings/rajasthan-drops-controversial-land-conversion-rule
  • https://1acre.in/guides/rajasthan/apna-khata-na-conversion
  • https://rajnivesh.rajasthan.gov.in/
  • https://www.indiafilings.com/learn/rajasthan-land-conversion

Andhra Pradesh

आंध्र प्रदेश State Partly confirmed State guide ›

NALA conversion — the Act was repealed in 2025

Law
No separate conversion Act is in force. The AP Agricultural Land (Conversion for Non-Agricultural Purposes) Act, 2006 (the NALA Act) was repealed by Act No. 20 of 2025.
Section
AP Panchayat Raj Act, 1994: s.60(3)(vi), inserted by Ordinance 7 of 2025 · Town Planning Act, 1920; Municipalities Act, 1965; APCRDA Act, 2014; Metropolitan Region and Urban Development Authorities Act, 2016 — amended by Ordinance 6 of 2025
Who decides
Under two 2025 ordinances: in rural areas, the Gram Panchayat (Ordinance 7 of 2025); in urban and metropolitan areas, urban local bodies and development authorities including APCRDA and VMRDA (Ordinance 6 of 2025). Applications already pending under the NALA Act are decided under the repealed Act.
Exemptions and deemed permissions
The Repeal Act says unauthorised layouts "shall stand validly converted for non agricultural purposes under the repealed Act", subject to a condition stated in that Act. The condition is not reproduced here — do not rely on this clause without reading it and checking the layout's approval with the local body.
Restrictions to know
  • In Scheduled Areas (Agency tracts), the AP Scheduled Areas Land Transfer Regulation, 1959 makes a transfer void unless it is to a Scheduled Tribe member or a co-operative of ST members only (secondary source).
Latest change we found
AP Agricultural Land (Conversion for Non Agricultural Purposes) (Repeal) Act, 2025 (Act No. 20 of 2025): assent 15 October 2025, published 24 October 2025. 24 October 2025
Apply or look up online
No online page confirmed

An ordinance lapses unless an Act replaces it. A Bill to replace the Panchayat Raj ordinance was introduced on 23 September 2025; we could not confirm it passed, and we found no Act replacing the municipal-laws ordinance. Confirm the current route with the Gram Panchayat or the development authority.

Sources we read (7) · up to 24 October 2025
  • https://prsindia.org/files/bills_acts/acts_states/andhra-pradesh/2025/Act20of2025AP.pdf
  • https://prsindia.org/files/bills_acts/bills_states/andhra-pradesh/2025/Bill29of2025AP.pdf
  • https://prsindia.org/files/bills_acts/bills_states/andhra-pradesh/2025/Ord6of2025AP.pdf
  • https://prsindia.org/files/bills_acts/bills_states/andhra-pradesh/2025/Ord7of2025AP.pdf
  • https://prsindia.org/files/bills_acts/bills_states/andhra-pradesh/2025/Bill17of2025AP.pdf
  • https://www.casemine.com/in/column/the-andhra-pradesh-scheduled-areas-land-transfer-regulation,-1959:-a-legal-analysis/view
  • https://ksandk.com/newsletter/andhra-pradesh-repeals-nala-act/

Arunachal Pradesh

अरुणाचल प्रदेश State Leads only State guide ›
Law
Arunachal Pradesh Urban and Country Planning Act, 2007 — change of use inside planning areas and town planning schemes only
Who decides
Inside a town planning scheme: the local planning authority, with approval of the Chief Town Planner or Director of Town Planning (2025 Ordinance). Outside planning areas: not found.
Latest change we found
Urban and Country Planning (Amendment) Ordinance, 2025 adds town planning schemes: inside a scheme, no one may change the use of land without permission. 2025
An ordinance lapses unless an Act replaces it — check whether one has passed.
Apply or look up online
No online page confirmed

We found no law on converting rural agricultural land. Ask the Deputy Commissioner's office.

Sources we read (2)
  • https://prsindia.org/files/bills_acts/bills_states/arunachal-pradesh/2025/Ord5of2025AR.pdf
  • https://prsindia.org/bills/states?state=Arunachal%20Pradesh&year=2025

Assam

असम State Partly confirmed State guide ›

Reclassification, or reclassification-cum-transfer, of agricultural land

Law
Assam Agricultural Land (Regulation of Reclassification and Transfer for Non-Agricultural Purpose) Act, 2015
Section
3 · 4 · 5 · 7 · 16
Who decides
The Deputy Commissioner of the district where the land lies (application under section 5). The Government may authorise other officers by notification (section 7).
Exemptions and deemed permissions
Section 16 exempts, among others: government land used for a public purpose; local-authority land for community use; land in a notified industrial zone; land under tea; land for religious, charitable or public-utility purposes; land for aquaculture and animal husbandry; and a dwelling house to the extent the Act exempts it.
Restrictions to know
  • In tribal belts and blocks (Chapter X, Assam Land and Revenue Regulation, 1886) transfer of land to people outside the protected classes is restricted; ask the Circle Office whether the dag is in a belt or block.
  • No one may put agricultural land to a non-agricultural purpose, or transfer it for one, without the Deputy Commissioner's prior permission (section 3).
  • Only land recorded as agricultural but with no agricultural activity for a minimum number of years can be reclassified (section 4).
Apply or look up online
No online page confirmed

The Rules under the Act, and any online application page, were not found.

Sources we read (4) · up to 30 September 2015
  • https://landrevenue.assam.gov.in/sites/default/files/swf1/dms20_The%20Assam%20Agricultural%20Land%28Regulation%20of%20Reclassification%20And%20Transfer%20For%20Non%20Agricultural%20Purpose%29Act%2C2015pdf.pdf
  • https://landrevenue.assam.gov.in/document/acts
  • https://landrevenue.assam.gov.in/
  • https://dlrar.assam.gov.in/information-services/land-administration-in-protected-belts-and-blocks-in-assam

Bihar

बिहार State Partly confirmed State guide ›

Land conversion

Law
Bihar Agricultural Land (Conversion for Non-agricultural Purposes) Act, 2010
Section
5(1) · 9
Who decides
The Sub-Divisional Officer. A 2025 amendment Bill would let the government designate other officers below the rank of Land Reform Commissioner, and would move appeals to the Additional Commissioner.
Latest change we found
Bihar Agricultural Land (Conversion for Non-agricultural Purposes) (Amendment) Bill, 2025. 22 July 2025
Bill — whether it was passed was not confirmed
Apply or look up online
No online page confirmed

The Rules under the Act and an online application page were not found.

Sources we read (2) · up to 22 July 2025
  • https://prsindia.org/files/bills_acts/bills_states/bihar/2025/Bill8of2025BR.pdf
  • https://prsindia.org/bills/states?state=Bihar&year=2025

Chhattisgarh

छत्तीसगढ़ State Leads only State guide ›

Diversion of land use

Law
Chhattisgarh Land Revenue Code, 1959
Who decides
Not confirmed
Latest change we found
Chhattisgarh Land Revenue Code (Amendment) Bill, 2025 was presented; its text could not be read, so whether it changes diversion is not known. 16 July 2025
Bill — whether it was passed was not confirmed
Apply or look up online
Revenue Department, Chhattisgarh: diverted-land khasra system ('परिवर्तित भूमि संधारण खसरा'), with citizen land search
http://revenue.cg.nic.in/diversion/ opened 1 October 2026
In our verification directory: Bhuiyan – Diversion (land use conversion)
https://revenue.cg.nic.in/diversion/

The section number and the deciding officer could not be confirmed from a source we could open. The Revenue Department's "diverted land khasra" system is a record of diverted land with a citizen search; we could not confirm it as an application route. Our verification directory lists a diversion service below.

Sources we read (4) · up to 16 July 2025
  • https://revenue.cg.nic.in/
  • http://revenue.cg.nic.in/diversion/
  • https://prsindia.org/files/bills_acts/bills_states/chhattisgarh/2025/Bill18of2025CG.pdf
  • https://prsindia.org/bills/states/the-chhattisgarh-land-revenue-code-amendment-bill-2025

Goa

गोवा State Partly confirmed State guide ›

Conversion of use of land (section 32)

Law
Goa Land Revenue Code, 1968
Section
32 · 32(3)
Who decides
The Collector, who may grant permission on terms and conditions or refuse it where needed for public health, safety and convenience.
Latest change we found
Goa Land Revenue Code (Amendment) Bill, 2026 changes section 32(3) on the time for deciding conversion applications. 13 January 2026
Bill — whether it was passed was not confirmed
Apply or look up online
No online page confirmed

No online application page was confirmed.

Sources we read (3) · up to 13 January 2026
  • https://prsindia.org/files/bills_acts/bills_states/goa/2026/Bill8of2026GA.pdf
  • https://prsindia.org/files/bills_acts/bills_states/goa/2026/Bill50of2026GA.pdf
  • https://prsindia.org/files/bills_acts/bills_states/goa/2025/Bill35of2025GA.pdf

Gujarat

गुजरात State Partly confirmed State guide ›

NA (non-agricultural) permission — bin-kheti parvangi · બિનખેતી પરવાનગી

Law
Gujarat Land Revenue Code, 1879
Section
65
Who decides
The Collector (prior sanction under section 65), as the 2025 amendment Bill describes it.
Restrictions to know
  • Using land for a non-agricultural purpose without the Collector's prior sanction under section 65 leads to proceedings under section 66 or 79A (as described in the 2025 amendment Bill).
Latest change we found
Gujarat Land Revenue (Amendment) Bill, 2025: for land being settled in "transitional areas", certain proceedings for breach of sections 65 and 68 abate. 20 March 2025
Bill — whether it was passed was not confirmed
Apply or look up online
iORA, Revenue Department, Gujarat (online revenue applications; lists the 'બિનખેતી પરવાનગી' service)
https://iora.gujarat.gov.in/ opened 1 October 2026
Sources we read (4) · up to 3 September 2026
  • https://iora.gujarat.gov.in/
  • https://prsindia.org/files/bills_acts/bills_states/gujarat/2025/Bill9of2025GJ.pdf
  • https://prsindia.org/files/bills_acts/bills_states/gujarat/2026/Bill24of2026GJ.pdf
  • https://prsindia.org/files/bills_acts/bills_states/gujarat/2026/Bill27of2026GJ.pdf

Haryana

हरियाणा State Partly confirmed State guide ›

CLU (change of land use) permission — common usage

Law
Haryana Scheduled Roads and Controlled Areas Restriction of Unregulated Development Act, 1963
Section
8(1) · 8(2)
Who decides
The Director, Town and Country Planning — for land in notified controlled areas and along scheduled roads.
Exemptions and deemed permissions
Under the 2025 amendment Bill, industrial uses in conforming zones can get permission by self-certification online, with no further enquiry by the Director (section 8(2)).
Restrictions to know
  • In a notified controlled area or along a scheduled road, development needs the Director's permission under the 1963 Act.
Latest change we found
Haryana Scheduled Roads and Controlled Areas Restriction of Unregulated Development (Amendment) Bill, 2025 (Bill 40 of 2025), replacing Ordinance No. 5 of 2025 — self-certification for industrial uses. 18 December 2025
Bill — whether it was passed was not confirmed
Apply or look up online
In our verification directory: DTCP Online Application Portal
https://ofa.tcpharyana.gov.in/ In our verification directory: ULB Haryana CLU portal
https://ulbcluhry.org/

Land inside municipal limits may fall under other laws — not checked. This check (1 Oct 2026) did not confirm an application page; our verification directory lists the one(s) below — open them before relying on them.

Sources we read (3) · up to 18 December 2025
  • https://prsindia.org/files/bills_acts/bills_states/haryana/2025/Bill40of2025HR.pdf
  • https://prsindia.org/bills/states?state=Haryana&year=2025
  • https://tcpharyana.gov.in/

Himachal Pradesh

हिमाचल प्रदेश State Partly confirmed State guide ›

Section 118 permission (land bought by a non-agriculturist)

Law
Himachal Pradesh Tenancy and Land Reforms Act, 1972
Section
118
Who decides
The State Government.
Restrictions to know
  • Land cannot be transferred to a non-agriculturist without State Government permission unless an exemption in section 118(2) applies.
  • Land bought with permission must be put to the permitted use within the time allowed.
Latest change we found
HP Tenancy and Land Reforms (Amendment) Bill, 2025 adds exemptions to section 118 and a way to extend the time for putting land to its permitted use. 2 December 2025
Bill — whether it was passed was not confirmed
Apply or look up online
No online page confirmed

We found no separate Himachal law on converting agricultural land; section 118 controls who may acquire land and for what purpose. Planning permission inside planning areas was not checked.

Sources we read (3) · up to 2 December 2025
  • https://prsindia.org/files/bills_acts/bills_states/himachal-pradesh/2025/Bill25of2025HP.pdf
  • https://prsindia.org/bills/states?state=Himachal%20Pradesh&year=2025
  • https://prsindia.org/bills/states?state=Himachal%20Pradesh&year=2026

Jharkhand

झारखंड State Leads only State guide ›
Law
Not confirmed from an official source
Who decides
Not confirmed
Restrictions to know
  • Transfers of raiyati land are restricted by the Chota Nagpur Tenancy Act, 1908: under section 46 an occupancy-raiyat who is a Scheduled Tribe member may transfer only with the Deputy Commissioner's previous sanction.
  • In the Santhal Parganas, section 20(1) of the Santhal Parganas Tenancy (Supplementary Provisions) Act, 1949 bars transfer of a raiyat's holding except where a right to transfer is recorded in the record of rights (as the Jharkhand High Court explains it).
Apply or look up online
No online page confirmed

We found no source naming a Jharkhand conversion law, authority or portal. Ask a local advocate before you buy.

Sources we read (5)
  • https://prsindia.org/bills/states?state=Jharkhand&year=2025
  • https://prsindia.org/bills/states?state=Jharkhand&year=2026
  • https://prsindia.org/bills/states?state=Jharkhand&year=2016
  • https://indiankanoon.org/doc/176786938/
  • https://indiankanoon.org/doc/122813004/

Karnataka

कर्नाटक State Partly confirmed State guide ›

Land conversion — "diversion of land for non-agricultural purpose"

Law
Karnataka Land Revenue Act, 1964
Section
95 · 96
Who decides
The Deputy Commissioner.
Exemptions and deemed permissions
Proposed, not confirmed as law: Bills of December 2024 and August 2025 would exempt up to 2 acres used for new industries where the use matches a published Master Plan, and land for renewable-energy projects. Whether they were passed was not confirmed.
Restrictions to know
  • Using agricultural land for a non-agricultural purpose against section 95 attracts a penalty under section 96.
Latest change we found
Karnataka Land Revenue (Amendment) Bill, 2026 lets "the Deputy Commissioner or prescribed officer" act under section 96(4); section 95 is not changed. 22 August 2026
Bill — whether it was passed was not confirmed
Apply or look up online
In our verification directory: Karnataka Land Conversion (Bhoomi Online)
https://www.landconversion.karnataka.gov.in/RD/

This check (1 Oct 2026) did not confirm an application page; our verification directory lists the one(s) below — open them before relying on them.

Sources we read (5) · up to 22 August 2026
  • https://prsindia.org/files/bills_acts/bills_states/karnataka/2024/Bill56of2024KA.pdf
  • https://prsindia.org/files/bills_acts/bills_states/karnataka/2025/Bill51of2025KA.pdf
  • https://prsindia.org/files/bills_acts/bills_states/karnataka/2026/Bill24of2026KA.pdf
  • https://prsindia.org/files/bills_acts/bills_states/karnataka/2025/Bill61of2025KA.pdf
  • https://prsindia.org/files/bills_acts/bills_states/karnataka/2025/Bill55of2025KA.pdf

Kerala

केरल State Leads only State guide ›
Law
Kerala Conservation of Paddy Land and Wetland Act, 2008 (paddy land and wetland)
Who decides
The Revenue Divisional Officer, for functions under the 2008 Act. A 2023 amendment Bill would let officers of Deputy Collector rank act as RDO; whether it was passed was not confirmed.
Restrictions to know
  • Land assigned under the Kerala Land Assignment Act, 1960 is held on patta conditions. A 2023 amendment Bill would let the Government permit other uses on prescribed terms; whether it was passed was not confirmed.
Latest change we found
Kerala Conservation of Paddy Land and Wetland (Amendment) Bill, 2023 — definition of Revenue Divisional Officer. 2023
Bill — whether it was passed was not confirmed
Apply or look up online
No online page confirmed

The section that governs changing the nature of land, and whether the RDO decides every kind of change, could not be confirmed. Other land laws were not checked.

Sources we read (4)
  • https://prsindia.org/files/bills_acts/bills_states/kerala/2023/Bill-172of2023-Kerala.pdf
  • https://prsindia.org/files/bills_acts/bills_states/kerala/2023/Bill-173of2023-Kerala.pdf
  • https://prsindia.org/files/bills_acts/bills_states/kerala/2025/Bill272of2025KL.pdf
  • https://revenue.kerala.gov.in/

Madhya Pradesh

मध्य प्रदेश State Leads only State guide ›
Law
Madhya Pradesh Land Revenue Code, 1959
Who decides
Not confirmed
Restrictions to know
  • MP Bhulekh, the official land-records portal, asks a bhumiswami changing land use to intimate the SDM court online.
Apply or look up online
In our verification directory: MP Bhulekh – Land diversion
https://mpbhulekh.gov.in/

Section 172 ("diversion", व्यपवर्तन) is the provision commonly cited, but we could not open a source confirming its current text after the 2018 rewrite, or the deciding officer.

Sources we read (4)
  • https://prsindia.org/bills/states?state=Madhya%20Pradesh&year=2018
  • https://prsindia.org/files/bills_acts/bills_states/madhya-pradesh/2018/Bill%20No.%2022%20of%202018.pdf
  • https://prsindia.org/bills/states?state=Madhya%20Pradesh&year=2022
  • https://mpbhulekh.gov.in/

Maharashtra

महाराष्ट्र State Partly confirmed State guide ›

NA (non-agricultural) permission and NA sanad

Law
Maharashtra Land Revenue Code, 1966
Section
42 (as substituted by the 2025 amendment Bill)
Who decides
Under the Maharashtra Land Revenue Code (Second Amendment) Bill, 2025 — enactment not directly confirmed — no Collector's permission is needed where the use is allowed by a draft or final Development Plan or Regional Plan, and the Planning Authority grants development permission. Before that change the Collector granted NA permission and issued the sanad. Confirm which applies with the Collector's office.
Exemptions and deemed permissions
New section 42(1) in the 2025 amendment Bill (enactment not directly confirmed): "No permission of the Collector for change in use of land from agricultural to non-agricultural is required, if such use is permissible under the draft or final Development Plan or Regional Plan".
Restrictions to know
  • Under the same Bill, new section 42(2): the occupancy status of land other than Class-I occupancy is not altered merely because development permission is given.
  • Land bought under section 63-1A of the Maharashtra Tenancy and Agricultural Lands Act, 1948 must be put to bona fide industrial use within the permitted period.
Latest change we found
Maharashtra Land Revenue Code (Second Amendment) Bill, 2025 substitutes section 42 and deletes sections 42A–42D and 44–46. 8 December 2025
Enactment not directly confirmed; a March 2026 Bill refers to the new provisions.
Apply or look up online
No online page confirmed

The Bill does not say how land outside every Development or Regional Plan is treated. No online application address was confirmed.

Sources we read (5) · up to 24 March 2026
  • https://prsindia.org/files/bills_acts/bills_states/maharashtra/2025/Bill97of2025MH.pdf
  • https://prsindia.org/files/bills_acts/bills_states/maharashtra/2026/Bill27of2026MH.pdf
  • https://prsindia.org/files/bills_acts/bills_states/maharashtra/2026/Bill28of2026MH.pdf
  • https://prsindia.org/bills/states?state=Maharashtra&year=2025
  • https://prsindia.org/bills/states?state=Maharashtra&year=2026

Manipur

मणिपुर State Leads only State guide ›
Law
Not confirmed from an official source
Who decides
Not confirmed
Apply or look up online
No online page confirmed

We found no source naming a conversion law, authority or portal. Ask the Deputy Commissioner's office.

Sources we read (2)
  • https://prsindia.org/bills/states?state=Manipur&year=2025
  • https://prsindia.org/bills/states?state=Manipur&year=2024

Meghalaya

मेघालय State Leads only State guide ›
Law
Not confirmed from an official source
Who decides
Not confirmed
Restrictions to know
  • The Meghalaya Transfer of Land (Regulation) Act, 1971 bars transfer of land by a tribal to a non-tribal, or by a non-tribal to another non-tribal, without the competent authority's previous sanction.
Latest change we found
Meghalaya Town and Country Planning (Amendment) Bill, 2025 adds town planning schemes; it does not name an authority for change of use. 10 September 2025
Bill — whether it was passed was not confirmed
Apply or look up online
No online page confirmed

We found no Meghalaya law on converting agricultural land. Ask a local advocate before you buy.

Sources we read (3) · up to 10 September 2025
  • https://prsindia.org/files/bills_acts/bills_states/meghalaya/2025/LB89of2025MG.pdf
  • https://prsindia.org/bills/states?state=Meghalaya&year=2025
  • https://megrevenuedm.gov.in/acts/land-transfer-act-1971.pdf

Mizoram

मिज़ोरम State Partly confirmed State guide ›

Diversion of land use

Law
Mizoram (Land Revenue) Act, 2013
Section
18
Who decides
Not confirmed under the law now in force. Under the Mizoram (Land Revenue) (Amendment) Bill, 2025 — not confirmed as passed — applications would go to the Assistant Commissioner (Revenue), and the decision would rest, by area, with the Deputy Commissioner (up to 5,000 sq m), the Director, Land Revenue & Settlement (5,000–10,000 sq m) or the State Government (above 10,000 sq m). A separate 2025 Bill would also require the Town and Country Planning office's written permission in planning areas with a Development Plan in force.
Restrictions to know
  • Section 18 requires permission to divert land held for one purpose to another (wording as quoted in the 2025 amendment Bill).
Latest change we found
Mizoram (Land Revenue) (Amendment) Bill, 2025 replaces section 18 with the area-based structure above. 25 July 2025
Bill — whether it was passed was not confirmed
Apply or look up online
No online page confirmed

Which version of section 18 is in force was not confirmed.

Sources we read (3) · up to 25 July 2025
  • https://prsindia.org/files/bills_acts/bills_states/mizoram/2025/Bill29of2025MZ.pdf
  • https://prsindia.org/files/bills_acts/bills_states/mizoram/2025/Bill16of2025MZ.pdf
  • https://prsindia.org/bills/states?state=Mizoram&year=2025

Nagaland

नागालैंड State Leads only State guide ›
Law
Not confirmed from an official source
Who decides
Not confirmed
Restrictions to know
  • Article 371A(1)(a)(iv) of the Constitution: no Act of Parliament on "ownership and transfer of land and its resources" applies to Nagaland unless its Legislative Assembly so decides by resolution.
Apply or look up online
No online page confirmed

We found no official source on converting agricultural land in Nagaland. Ask the Deputy Commissioner's office.

Sources we read (3)
  • https://www.constitutionofindia.net/articles/article-371a-special-provision-with-respect-to-the-state-of-nagaland/
  • https://1acre.in/guides/nagaland/na-conversion-order-nagaland
  • https://1acre.in/guides/nagaland

Odisha

ओडिशा State Partly confirmed State guide ›

Conversion / change of land use (CLU) under section 8-A

Law
Odisha Land Reforms Act, 1960
Section
8-A
Rules
Odisha Land Reforms (General) Rules, as amended in 2025 — application in Form No. 25
Who decides
The Tahasildar, who opens a case on the Form 25 application, takes the Revenue Inspector's field report and passes the order (official RTI disclosure).
Exemptions and deemed permissions
A Revenue Department notification of 25 October 2025 exempts certain classes of land from CLU permission under section 8-A; we could not read which classes.
Restrictions to know
  • Agricultural land may be put to non-agricultural use only after a section 8-A conversion order.
Latest change we found
Odisha Land Reforms (General) Amendment Rules, 2025. 10 November 2025
Apply or look up online
Online Services || R & DM (Odisha Revenue & Disaster Management)
https://odisharevenueservices.nic.in/ opened 1 October 2026

The Revenue Department's online services portal loaded, but no conversion service was visible on its first page.

Sources we read (7) · up to 10 November 2025
  • https://rtiodisha.gov.in/Pages/getDisclouser/page:3/office_id:2663/section_id:2
  • https://revenue.odisha.gov.in/en/communication/land-reforms
  • https://revenue.odisha.gov.in/en/communication/conversion
  • https://revenue.odisha.gov.in/sites/default/files/2024-01/2908_29_12_23.pdf
  • https://prsindia.org/files/bills_acts/bills_states/odisha/2023/OD_Land_Reforms(A)_Bill_2023.pdf
  • https://odisharevenueservices.nic.in/
  • https://1acre.in/guides/odisha/conversion-order-odisha

Punjab

पंजाब State Leads only State guide ›

CLU (change of land use) — common usage

Law
Not confirmed from an official source
Who decides
Not confirmed
Apply or look up online
In our verification directory: Punjab H&UD e-CLU portal
http://pbhud-eservices.in/webportal/login

We could not confirm the law or the deciding authority from an official source. Our verification directory lists the portal(s) below — open them before relying on them, and ask the district town planning office.

Sources we read (5)
  • https://1acre.in/guides/punjab/clu-certificate-punjab
  • https://1acre.in/guides/punjab
  • https://puda.punjab.gov.in/
  • https://puda.gov.in/
  • https://enaksha.lgpunjab.gov.in/

Sikkim

सिक्किम State Leads only State guide ›
Law
Not confirmed from an official source
Who decides
Not confirmed
Restrictions to know
  • Article 371F(k) of the Constitution keeps Sikkim's older laws in force until amended or repealed — which is how its older land laws continue to apply.
  • Revenue Order No. 1, as reproduced by the Sikkim High Court, bars Bhutias and Lepchas from selling, mortgaging or sub-letting land to anyone other than a Bhutia or Lepcha without sanction.
Apply or look up online
No online page confirmed

We found no official source on converting agricultural land in Sikkim; the state land-records portal offers no conversion service. Ask the district office.

Sources we read (5)
  • https://www.constitutionofindia.net/articles/article-371f-special-provisions-with-respect-to-the-state-of-sikkim/
  • https://ilrms.sikkim.gov.in/
  • https://1acre.in/guides/sikkim/na-conversion-order-sikkim
  • https://1acre.in/guides/how-to-buy-land-in-sikkim
  • https://indiankanoon.org/doc/2852489/

Tamil Nadu

तमिलनाडु State Leads only State guide ›

Change of land use (agriculture to non-agriculture)

Law
Not confirmed from an official source
Who decides
Not confirmed
Apply or look up online
Tamil Nadu single window portal for planning permission (onlineppa)
https://onlineppa.tn.gov.in/ opened 1 October 2026

Secondary guides point to the Tamil Nadu Town and Country Planning Act, 1971 and the Tamil Nadu Change of Land Use (From Agriculture to Non-Agriculture Purposes in Non-Planning Areas) Rules, 2017; we could not open the official texts to confirm them. The state planning-permission portal loaded but showed no conversion service.

Sources we read (4)
  • https://1acre.in/guides/tamil-nadu/land-conversion-order-tamil-nadu
  • https://1acre.in/guides/tamil-nadu/dtcp-cmda-approval-tamil-nadu
  • https://1acre.in/guides/tamil-nadu
  • https://onlineppa.tn.gov.in/

Telangana

तेलंगाना State Partly confirmed State guide ›

NALA conversion

Law
Telangana Agricultural Land (Conversion for Non Agricultural Purposes) Act, 2006 (Act No. 3 of 2006)
Section
3 · 5 · 8
Who decides
The Revenue Divisional Officer, or any officer the Government notifies (section 5). Appeals go to the Collector, which includes a Joint Collector (section 8).
Exemptions and deemed permissions
Section 7: the Act does not apply to State Government land, local-authority land for communal use, land for religious or charitable purposes, land for traditional household industries up to one acre, and land used for aquaculture, dairy and poultry.
Restrictions to know
  • "No agricultural land in the State shall be put to non-agricultural purpose, without the prior permission of the competent authority" (section 3).
  • Converting without permission attracts a penalty on top of the conversion tax (section 6).
  • The Telangana High Court (26 September 2024) directed development authorities to insist on NALA clearance before releasing layouts.
Apply or look up online
Dharani (Integrated Land Records Management System)
https://dharani.telangana.gov.in/ opened 1 October 2026

The Dharani portal loaded but showed no NALA service; a secondary guide says NALA now runs through Bhu Bharati, which we could not load. Treat the portal as unconfirmed.

Sources we read (7) · up to 26 September 2024
  • https://www.indiacode.nic.in/bitstream/123456789/8710/1/act_3_of_2006.pdf
  • https://www.indiacode.nic.in/handle/123456789/8710
  • https://livelaw.in/pdf_upload/wp199412024-559734.pdf
  • https://new.tshc.gov.in/documents/currentsection_2024_11_27T16_43_48.pdf
  • https://dharani.telangana.gov.in/
  • https://1acre-cms.1acre.in/guides/telangana/bhu-bharati-nala
  • https://1acre.in/guides/telangana/land-conversion-clu-telangana

Tripura

त्रिपुरा State Leads only State guide ›

Change of land use (CLU)

Law
Not confirmed from an official source
Who decides
Not confirmed
Apply or look up online
Change of Land Use (CLU) Portal, Directorate of Land Records & Settlements, Government of Tripura
https://clu.tripura.gov.in/ opened 1 October 2026

The Directorate of Land Records & Settlements runs a CLU portal; it names no Act, rule or deciding officer. A secondary guide points to the Tripura Land Revenue and Land Reforms Act, 1960 and new Diversion of Land Rules, 2025; we could not confirm either from an official text.

Sources we read (4)
  • https://clu.tripura.gov.in/
  • https://revenue.tripura.gov.in/
  • https://1acre.in/guides/tripura/na-conversion-order-tripura
  • https://1acre.in/guides/tripura/tribal-belt-block-act-tripura

Uttar Pradesh

उत्तर प्रदेश State Partly confirmed State guide ›

Section 80 declaration (land declared non-agricultural)

Law
Uttar Pradesh Revenue Code, 2006
Section
80
Who decides
The Sub-Divisional Officer (SDM). Inside a notified development authority or industrial area, that authority's prior permission is also needed (section 80(8)).
Exemptions and deemed permissions
Under the U.P. Revenue Code (Fourth Amendment) Ordinance, 2026, where a development, industrial-development, special-area development authority or the Housing and Development Board grants permission in its notified area, "such grant shall be deemed to constitute a declaration under sub-section (2) of Section 80"; the revenue record must then be updated.
Restrictions to know
  • A Scheduled Caste bhumidhar cannot transfer land to a non-SC person except with the Collector's prior written permission (section 98).
  • Buying land by purchase or gift is capped at 5.0586 hectares, counting land the buyer's family already holds; specified entities may exceed it with approval (section 89).
  • No declaration is made if the use would cause public nuisance or conflict with the master plan (section 80(7)); all co-bhumidhars must apply jointly (section 80(4)).
Latest change we found
U.P. Revenue Code (Fourth Amendment) Ordinance, 2026 (Ordinance No. 14 of 2026), promulgated 23 May 2026. 23 May 2026
An ordinance lapses unless an Act replaces it — check whether one has passed.
Apply or look up online
Nivesh Mitra (UP Online Single Window Portal)
https://niveshmitra.up.nic.in/ opened 1 October 2026
In our verification directory: RCCMS Revenue Courts (Section 80)
https://vaad.up.nic.in/

The official Revenue Department document describes a change-of-land-use service on the Nivesh Mitra single-window portal, with the hearing by the SDM. Section wording was read from a reproduction of the Code; the official PDF we opened stopped before section 80.

Sources we read (9) · up to 23 May 2026
  • https://courtbook.in/up-revenue-code-2006/section-80
  • https://courtbook.in/up-revenue-code-2006/section-89
  • https://courtbook.in/up-revenue-code-2006/section-98
  • https://prsindia.org/files/bills_acts/bills_states/uttar-pradesh/2026/Ord14of2026UP.pdf
  • https://www.freepressjournal.in/uttar-pradesh/up-cabinet-clears-ordinance-simplifying-land-use-conversion-via-building-plan-approvals
  • https://vaad.up.nic.in/pdf/land_conv.pdf
  • https://niveshmitra.up.nic.in/
  • https://vaad.up.nic.in/pdf/Revenue_code_2006_englist_hindi_updated.pdf
  • https://www.legitquest.com/act/uttar-pradesh-revenue-code-fifth-amendment-rules-2023/10581

Uttarakhand

उत्तराखंड State Partly confirmed State guide ›

Section 143 declaration (land-use change), with section 154 land-purchase permission · धारा 143

Law
Uttar Pradesh Zamindari Abolition and Land Reforms Act, 1950, as adapted for Uttarakhand and amended (latest: Act No. 11 of 2025)
Section
143
Who decides
Not confirmed
Restrictions to know
  • Since the 2025 amendment, people from outside the state cannot buy agricultural or horticultural land in 11 of the 13 districts (news reports).
  • In Haridwar and Udham Singh Nagar, and for industrial land, purchases need State Government approval (news reports).
  • Non-residents may buy under 250 sq m only for a home, on an affidavit that neither they nor their family have bought such land elsewhere in the state (news reports).
Latest change we found
Uttarakhand Zamindari Abolition and Land Reforms (Amendment) Act, 2025 (Act No. 11 of 2025). 2025
Apply or look up online
Board of Revenue, Uttarakhand: 'Land Purchase/Change Permission under Z-A and LR Act'
https://landuse.uk.gov.in/ opened 1 October 2026

The Board of Revenue runs an online "Land Purchase / Change Permission" portal, and the Revenue Department publishes the section 143 workflow. A June 2026 news report describes an online process with deemed approval if no decision is made in time; we could not confirm it in an official notification. The deciding officer was not confirmed.

Sources we read (9) · up to 18 June 2026
  • https://landuse.uk.gov.in/
  • https://revenue.uk.gov.in/forms
  • https://highcourtofuttarakhand.gov.in/u-p-act-amended-by-uttarakhand-government/
  • https://cdnbbsr.s3waas.gov.in/s3bc7f621451b4f5df308a8e098112185d/uploads/2025/07/20250707629707201.pdf
  • https://www.amarujala.com/dehradun/uttarakhand-news-process-for-non-agricultural-conversion-to-be-completed-within-seven-days-of-land-purchase-2026-06-18
  • https://scroll.in/latest/1079495/uttarakhand-assembly-clears-bill-to-restrict-outsiders-from-buying-agricultural-land
  • https://www.newsonair.gov.in/uttarakhand-assembly-passes-uttarakhand-uttar-pradesh-zamindari-abolition-and-land-management-act-1950-amendment-bill
  • https://1acre.in/guides/uttarakhand/section-143-154-check-uttarakhand
  • https://www.lbsnaa.gov.in/storage/uploads/pdf_data/1742473212_U.P. Zamindari Abolition and Land Reforms Act_1950.pdf

West Bengal

पश्चिम बंगाल State Partly confirmed State guide ›

Conversion under section 4C

Law
West Bengal Land Reforms Act, 1955
Section
4C · 4D
Rules
West Bengal Land Reforms Rules, 1965 (Rule 5A)
Who decides
The Collector under section 4C. Under Land & Land Reforms Department guidelines, apply to the BL&LRO for up to 10 decimal, the SDL&LRO for above 10 decimal up to 1 acre, and the DL&LRO for above 1 acre.
Restrictions to know
  • Any change in the area, character or mode of use of land other than under section 4C is an offence (section 4D).
  • A Scheduled Tribe raiyat may transfer land only in specified ways; a sale to a non-ST person needs a Revenue Officer's permission and only where no ST buyer is available (section 14C).
  • Section 14M sets a ceiling on land held by a raiyat and family. Converting ponds and other water bodies is conditional.
Latest change we found
West Bengal Land Reforms (Third Amendment) Bill, 2017 would let the State Government regularise changes of use already made in breach of section 4C, except plots with water bodies. 17 August 2017
Bill — whether it was passed was not confirmed
Apply or look up online
Banglarbhumi
https://banglarbhumi.gov.in/ not opened — check it

The Banglarbhumi portal is named by a secondary guide; it did not load for us.

Sources we read (6) · up to 6 October 2023
  • https://www.indiacode.nic.in/bitstream/123456789/19116/1/32.pdf
  • https://www.wb.gov.in/acts/act_land_conversion_of_land.pdf
  • https://calcuttahighcourt.gov.in/Show-Judgment-File/2023~wplrt_99_e.pdf
  • https://prsindia.org/files/bills_acts/bills_states/west-bengal/2017/WB%20Bill%20No.%2047%20of%202017.pdf
  • https://1acre.in/guides/west-bengal/na-conversion-order-west-bengal
  • https://banglarbhumi.gov.in/

Andaman and Nicobar Islands

अंडमान और निकोबार UT Leads only
Law
Not confirmed from an official source
Who decides
Not confirmed
Apply or look up online
In our verification directory: Dweep Bhoomi – land diversion
https://dweepbhoomi.andamannicobar.gov.in/

We found no official source. A secondary guide points to the Andaman and Nicobar Islands Land Revenue and Land Reforms Regulation, 1966; we could not confirm it, or the deciding officer. The same guide reports limits on purchase by non-residents (secondary, not verified). Ask the Deputy Commissioner's office.

Sources we read (6)
  • https://1acre.in/guides/andaman/na-conversion-order-andaman
  • https://1acre.in/guides/andaman/purchase-restriction-check-andaman
  • https://1acre.in/guides/andaman
  • https://www.andaman.gov.in/
  • https://southandaman.nic.in/
  • https://andaman.nic.in/

Chandigarh

चंडीगढ़ UT Leads only
Law
Not confirmed from an official source
Who decides
Not confirmed
Apply or look up online
No online page confirmed

We could not reach an official Chandigarh source. A secondary guide points to the Punjab New Capital (Periphery) Control Act, 1952 and the Deputy Commissioner; we could not confirm it.

Sources we read (3)
  • https://1acre.in/guides/chandigarh/na-conversion-chandigarh
  • https://1acre.in/guides/chandigarh
  • https://chandigarh.gov.in/

Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu

दादरा और नगर हवेली और दमन और दीव UT Leads only

NA (non-agricultural) permission

Law
Not confirmed from an official source
Who decides
Not confirmed
Apply or look up online
SUGAM: Online Citizen Services (Revenue Department, DNH & DD); NA service not confirmed
https://sugam.dddgov.in/ opened 1 October 2026
In our verification directory: Collectorate – NA / change of land use application
https://s1.dddgov.in/

The Revenue Department's SUGAM portal offers online citizen services, but no NA service was visible on it in this check; our verification directory lists the application page(s) below. Which law applies after the 2020 merger, especially in the Dadra and Nagar Haveli part, could not be confirmed.

Sources we read (8)
  • https://ddd.gov.in/
  • https://ddd.gov.in/document-category/acts-rules/
  • https://sugam.dddgov.in/
  • https://swp.dddgov.in/
  • https://dnh.gov.in/
  • https://cdnbbsr.s3waas.gov.in/s371e09b16e21f7b6919bbfc43f6a5b2f0/uploads/2021/03/2021033180.pdf
  • https://www.indiacode.nic.in/handle/123456789/2492/
  • https://1acre.in/guides/dadra-nagar-haveli-daman-diu/na-conversion-order-dadra-nagar-haveli-daman-diu

Delhi

दिल्ली UT Leads only
Law
Not confirmed from an official source
Who decides
Not confirmed
Apply or look up online
No online page confirmed

We could not confirm how agricultural land in Delhi is legally moved to non-agricultural use. Take advice from a Delhi advocate before buying farmland for any other use.

Sources we read (3)
  • https://revenue.delhi.gov.in/
  • https://1acre.in/guides/delhi/dda-mcd-clu-delhi
  • https://1acre.in/guides/delhi

Jammu and Kashmir

जम्मू और कश्मीर UT Leads only

Conversion of agricultural land for non-agricultural purposes

Law
Jammu and Kashmir Land Revenue Act, Svt. 1996
Rules
Jammu and Kashmir Agricultural Land (Conversion for Non Agricultural Purposes) Regulations, 2022 (listed by the J&K Revenue Department)
Who decides
Not confirmed
Apply or look up online
Government of Jammu and Kashmir: Revenue Department (lists the 2022 Regulations; online application not confirmed)
https://jkrevenue.nic.in/ opened 1 October 2026

A secondary guide says conversion is under section 133-A, decided by the District Collector after a district committee review; we could not confirm this from the official text.

Sources we read (4)
  • https://jkrevenue.nic.in/
  • https://1acre.in/guides/jammu-kashmir/na-conversion-order-jammu-kashmir
  • https://1acre.in/guides/how-to-buy-land-in-jammu-kashmir
  • https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jammu_and_Kashmir_Reorganisation_Act,_2019

Ladakh

लद्दाख UT Leads only
Law
Not confirmed from an official source
Who decides
Not confirmed
Apply or look up online
No online page confirmed

We could not confirm whether the Jammu and Kashmir conversion rules extend to Ladakh, which has its own adaptation orders. Ask the Deputy Commissioner's office in Leh or Kargil.

Sources we read (3)
  • https://1acre.in/guides/ladakh/na-conversion-ladakh
  • https://1acre.in/guides/ladakh
  • https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jammu_and_Kashmir_Reorganisation_Act,_2019

Lakshadweep

लक्षद्वीप UT Leads only
Law
Not confirmed from an official source
Who decides
Not confirmed
Apply or look up online
No online page confirmed

We found no official source. A secondary guide points to the Laccadive, Minicoy and Amindivi Islands Land Revenue and Tenancy Regulation, 1965 and the Collector at Kavaratti; we could not confirm it. The same guide reports that outsiders cannot buy land and that coastal-zone (CRZ) rules also apply (secondary, not verified).

Sources we read (3)
  • https://lakshadweep.gov.in/
  • https://1acre.in/guides/lakshadweep/na-conversion-order-lakshadweep
  • https://1acre.in/guides/lakshadweep

Puducherry

पुदुच्चेरी UT Leads only
Law
Not confirmed from an official source
Who decides
Not confirmed
Apply or look up online
No online page confirmed

Planning is governed by the Puducherry Town and Country Planning Act (enacted 1970) and its Rules (1974), but the official pages we read say nothing about converting agricultural land.

Sources we read (7)
  • https://www.py.gov.in/town-and-country-planning
  • https://www.py.gov.in/revenue-disaster-management
  • https://tcpd.py.gov.in/
  • https://revenue.py.gov.in/
  • https://revenue.py.gov.in/actsandrules.html
  • https://py.gov.in/acts-rule
  • https://1acre.in/guides/puducherry/na-conversion-order-puducherry

How to read this page

Well confirmed
Law, section and deciding officer confirmed from the official text or an official document.
Partly confirmed
Law and section confirmed; some details (rules, portal, whether a Bill was passed) could not be.
Leads only
Little or nothing confirmed from an official source. Treat everything in the card as a lead to check.
opened 1 October 2026 not opened — check it
An address we opened on the checked date, or one we only saw in search results or a secondary guide — open that one before relying on it.

Checked 1 October 2026. Researched on 1 October 2026 from Acts, Bills and notifications (India Code, PRS Legislative Research copies of state Bills, state revenue and planning departments, the CAG and High Court orders), with news reports and secondary guides only where marked.The descriptions are kept in English, in the words they were recorded in. विवरण अंग्रेज़ी में हैं, जैसे दर्ज किए गए।

Independent, not a government body. AgriZameen is an independent platform and is not affiliated with any government department. This page describes the shape of the law as we found it on the date shown; it is not legal advice, and it carries no fees or timelines. Laws, rules and portals change. Confirm the current position with the revenue office and take advice from a licensed advocate before you buy land you intend to convert.AgriZameen एक स्वतंत्र मंच है, किसी सरकारी विभाग से संबद्ध नहीं। यह क़ानूनी सलाह नहीं है।
स्वतंत्र प्लेटफ़ॉर्म — किसी सरकारी विभाग से संबद्ध नहीं। AgriZameen is an independent platform and is not a government body, nor affiliated with any state land-records department. पूरा पढ़ें · read the full disclosure

Verify every land record yourself on the official state portal (.gov.in / .nic.in) before you transact. Nothing here is legal, tax or investment advice, and no returns are guaranteed — consult a qualified advocate and a chartered accountant for your own situation. Listings carry seller-declared information; AgriZameen does not warrant title, area or encumbrance status. Reviewed August 2026 · Privacy Policy · Grievance Officer & contact

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